What Malcolm Gladwell Should Have Told You In ‘Outliers’
Glen /
44 Comments /
May 11th, 2009 /
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I’m a huge fan of Malcolm Gladwell, author of The Tipping Point, Blink and now Outliers. It’s clear I’m not his only supporter when you look at the fact that his books have all reached the No.1 spot on the New York Times bestsellers list.
I didn’t first hear about the book through some press release or find it on the shelf of my local Barnes and Noble. Instead, I found out about it through the new-fashioned way: thousands of bloggers sharing their thoughts on what, admittedly, is actually another very very good book.

There’s just one issue I have with this book, which I’ll cover shortly, and that is how the very thing the book covers is defined by Gladwell and society in general.
A quick search on the web and you’ll find lots and lots of bloggers praising the book and sharing their thoughts. It’s great to see how social interaction has changed so much over the last few years and everyone is able to give their honest opinions on products or what they cover. Now, it’s time to give mine…
A Fascinating Story of Success
Quite simply, that sub-heading really sums up this book. Outliers is a story of success, a look into the lives of successful individuals, communities and cultures and helps us change the way we think about them.
Some of my favourite take-aways from the book included:
- The 10,000 Hours Rule – Through research they have found that most people need around 10,000 hours to become an expert in their specific area. Gladwell looks at Bill Joy and Bill Gates for their programming skills, the influential composer Mozart and even the Beatles. Gladwell and others claim that a large part of their success is not only because they had put in so much work and effort, but because the right opportunities came along once they were at this expert level.
- Month of Birth – When looking over the top hockey players in the Canadian league, it was discovered that an overwhelmingly large number of players were born in the first few months of the year. The reason for this is that there is a cut-off date on January 1st for new entries into their elite junior leagues. That means if you are born in December you’ll be competing against kids who were born 11 months before you; time for a lot of growth and development at that age.
Additionally, these kids were then given more opportunities at a young age, which lead to more practice, which led to their skills getting better. Ultimately this meant that success in this area was a lot more likely if you were born near the start of the year.
There is lots more but I won’t ruin it for those of you who want to read it. Despite thinking that there is a flaw with the book (and society in general) I still recommend that everyone pick up a copy.
This book is totally fascinating and really makes you think about the achievements of these people in a different way. It’s clear that hard work and determination are often necessary but luck can also help you along. The problem I have with this book is that in a lot of cases it tends to define success as a large bank balance or some form of status.
Define What Success Means to You!
The examples in this book range from people who have improved their sports skills and play in televised games, to musicians who have sold millions of records and geeks who have made billions through selling computer software. If a large bank balance or some global awareness means that you are a success, does that mean the rest of us are failures?
Or, on a lighter note, does it just mean we are another statistic in the collective misery of those who didn’t make it?
I don’t doubt the achievements of others or hold jealousy towards anyone, but are societies definition of success and ‘making it’ really something we should all strive to achieve? After-all, no matter how many of us that try to make it, an overwhelming majority can never successfully complete that challenge.
While Bill Gates spent years behind a computer screen, people his age where going to parties, sunning on the beach, meeting new people and making the most of life…yet he has made it.
While kids were playing the violin for hours every week, their friends were playing in the park, running through fields and making the most of their childhood. Yet now the violinists are professional or well known…they’ve made it.
If you want to achieve mastery over a sport, an instrument or even lines of text on a computer screen then do it, but do it for you. If you’re doing it for status, income or some ‘perfect future’ then you’re chasing the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. That isn’t to say status and income aren’t possible, but if they are your motivation, then what happens if you don’t make it or you lose them?
I couldn’t share the following message any better than Peter Clemens from the 4th Face-Off:
Take the time to define words – e.g. success, rich, work – for yourself, otherwise your life will be lived according to social conventions rather than on your own terms.
The word success means whatever you want it to mean. It’s nothing more than 7 characters or some air coming out of our mouth thanks to some lip movements. Gladwell, to me, has slipped into the obvious societal role thinking that success often means you are better than anyone else in a field or your bank balance is high thanks to self-made means. (There are other examples in the book, but these make up the majority).
I don’t have my own definition of the word success, but I do have a good example. Success, to me, is a man taking his disabled son on 65 marathons and 216 triathlons causing him to share the following words via his only form of communication: “Dad, when we were running, it felt like I wasn’t disabled anymore!”
Click through to the post to watch the video below.
Define what success means to you. If it involves limelight and a huge bank balance then that is fine, just don’t make that your sole motivation and expect them to bring you happiness and fulfilment. Don’t feel like this is everything, like this idea of making it is the definition of a perfect life. After-all, it seems like all the people in the public spotlight these days just spend more time on Twitter than the rest of us ;).
If you follow into societies’ definition then only a few people on this planet will ever be a success. If you follow your own…then imagination is your only limit.
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Glen,
Good thoughts. I think we all see these OUTLIERS in our daily lives too and they are the ones who inspire us to do stuff.
Well put Tehseen, the outliers who are successfull depite not being defined so by society
Thanks for stopping by!
I think you`re right, success is something personal, it can never be the same for everyone, those stories are great for inspiration, to show it´s possible, to show anybody can do anything if they really want it.
That video`s beautiful, watered my eyes
You’re right, their examples do help us see what is possible if that’s the kind of direction you want to go in.
Glad you liked the video Cheeks
I loved this post, Glen. I really really really liked Outliers. It made me feel as though the countless hours I’ve poured into writing over the last year were all coalescing to something inevitable, but I also agree that success is different for us all. I don’t have to be the best to be happy or to consider myself a roaring success. I just have to have enough to have my needs met without the daily stress of wondering how I’ll pull it all together.
I still have no idea how you write things so perfectly haha, your IQ must be through the roof. Very well said, I can relate to thinking that the time I’ve put into something is going to reap it’s rewards based on the examples in the book.
Thanks for the comment Sean
Glen,
What I take away from this well written article is this line, “Define what success means to you.” It is something that most people actually miss. That is why most people when do “succeed” their success actually creates more stress for than otherwise. A deep and valid point.
Here via twitter.
I, too, have heard great feedback about this book, but I haven’t read it yet. I agree with your premise that each person needs to define success for him or herself. It’s easy to get caught up in the pop culture mindset that success equals money or fame. For me, there’s more to it than that.
Thanks for a thoughtful post.
I simply adore John Wooden’s definition of true success:
“Peace of mind attained only in self satisfaction of knowing you made the effort to do the best of which you were capable.”
In the context of Gladwell’s book, though, I think he was absolutely right to profile those at the pinnacle of their field. When studying behaviour, looking to the extremes can teach us far more than digging around in the middle ground. If you’re trying to understand success in a way that’s universally understood, going to the top of the pyramid must be one of the best ways of doing it.
Or, put another way, a book about an average programmer who just did his best without changing the world wouldn’t have been as powerful a read.
Thanks for the comment Nick. To me, you’ve just hit on the whole illusion I was trying to cover in this post. The book is excellent, I’m not denying that, but it still hits on the point as success as the top of the pyramid, as you like to put it.
That’s the thing though. They are seen as the top of the pyramid, the elite, those who have made it and we should look up to. Even if that is the case, that means 99.9% of people can never reach this level.
That may be true, but not really what I was getting at. After-all, the guy who changed the world just had lucky breaks, right?
Great post! I really loved the book and you make some great points about it here. Thanks for writing this!
@Glen: I completely agree with you that our perception of success and the reasons for success are skewed. In fact, Outliers was born out of Gladwell’s frustration at successes being misinterpreted as a divine gift or supernatural talent:
I think the book does this very successfully; Gladwell shows that success — whether you define it as acquiring 60 billion dollars or 60 donuts — is a combination of hard graft, blind luck, environment and happenstance, and this philosophy applies just as well to outliers as it does to those with more humble goals.
To me, the fact that Gladwell chooses to profile those with more easily recognisable signs of success is perhaps more a comment on society than it is a failure of the book.
“If you want to achieve mastery over a sport, an instrument or even lines of text on a computer screen then do it, but do it for you.”
I couldn’t agree more! There’s no way you can master something unless you love what you’re doing. Bill Gates loved to program and build his company. It also helped that he is brilliant and has close to a photographic memory.
Hiya
Beautiful video.
That display of love and commitment is inspiring! A powerful analogy for how and where we can take and share our own lives.
I understand success from taking a larger social, global view of it and working in to smaller individual examples. I think success begins with individuals and gets expressed outward to larger effect.
Success in my opinion is when a person expresses their hopes, desires, well being, determination and love for themselves in any way they choose (obviously without undue harm to others). If necessary, regardless of money, status or any social mores. Simple as that!
I liked what Timothy Leary suggested in an old recorded speech I heard last year: ‘Question authority and think for yourself.’
Thanks for a great post
Jens
Socrates said, “Contentment is natural wealth; luxury is artificial poverty.”
My definition of success is simple: I want to be happy.
So, I feel like I’ve “made it” already.
=-)
Nicely put. I agree that natural, inner wealth is the first and foremost source of success.
Jens
Outliers is a wonderful and interesting book and tells us that success is not totally inherent. These successful people put a lot of effort into their “success”.
My goal in life is very different. It is to be happy. I have to define that for myself. One of the things that makes me happy is to see and experience new things and do that with someone I love. I have other things that make me happy of course but none of them would involve spending 10,000 hours doing something to make me better at it – Now I would love to spend 10,000 hours traveling and exploring but that wouldn’t necessarily make me better at something.
Just my two cents.
Hi Glen,
I have read the book Outliers by Malcom Gladwell. I love the point on the 10,000 hours to be a master of a skill. This proves the theory of 1% talent and 99% hard work is the key to success.
Cheers,
Vincent
Outstanding perspective. I always teach my kids that happiness is something you discover inside, not outside yourself. Too many of the world is hung up that our success and our happiness is only measured in wealth.
A parallel I like to speak of is movie stars who are adopting children. Some say it’s a great thing… I wonder, given our celebrities’ pension for drugs, alcohol and suicide whether they’re truly doing poor children a favor.
Great post.
I loved Outliers! I especially liked the chapter on planes. Communication is essential.
Great article Glen. Too often we are chasing something that may never come. We need to stop chasing and just live. This doesn’t mean we can’t have goals or can’t strive for something more but we must not forget to pay attention to what’s going on NOW.
As you said, success can’t be defined by others. True success comes from within. It is my belief that if you do something you love long enough the money will come. While money isn’t the most important thing in the world it plays a powerful role in expanding your purpose. Think at how many live’s Bill Gates has helped in Africa.
This isn’t to say that those who don’t have money can’t help, but money does indeed make a difference. Although to be honest I would take value over money any day.
Great read!
-Bud
Great post Bro. We have to be careful of what society defines as success. Usually it serves some role in keeping the majority of the people down or chasing phantoms.
Thanks Darrell
This is good Glen, as is the video indeed. Even though I have not read this book, I’ve read similar. That being said, I also believe that achieving mastery in whatever chosen area(s) is very crucial, however, it must be for you first; the income, the status, and the like, these are secondary.
As for defining success, often you hear of money being linked to it all. While this is fine, money can help to achieve something beyond ourselves. There still needs to be a greater and deeper reason to persue whatever you are trying to persue, in the grander sceme of things. You also are not limited to only one thing either. Otherwise, whats the sense of it all? You define you; your successes; your life; certainly not on the terms of those near you, nor society. “Live life successfully on your terms.”
THAT video is what is going to get me through 89km and around 11 hours of running. There should be a warning: “This video will make you cry at work”…
Great post Glen!
You know, what Anthony Robbins taught me is that success and failure are not two big things, but smalls steps you take into a certain direction.
Doing a push-up is success, making that call you need too, setting up a site.. it’s all part of the road OF (not TO) success.
Same goes for failure.
Wow Glen, great post:)
The video is super inspiring, reminds us how much we all really have when some people would do anything to have what we take for granted.
My definition of success is achieving my goals.
However, success and happiness are far from the same thing:)
Ooh, I have a question, how do I add a picture to my posts for an avatar?
http://www.gravatar.com
Use the email address that you use for blog comments
Thanks for stopping by man!
I, like you, am a huge Malcolm Gladwell fan. I agree 100 percent that success needs to be defined by you, the individual. As it is only when we are truly authentic to ourselves that we achieve greatness!
Thanks a lot for your comment Krista!
Thanks for your post. It helps a lot not to forget that success is what you think it is. Not necessarily what the media tell you
Glen, you always write inspiring works to elevate the human condition. Thanks for all you put into it each day.
I don’t think others being a success in the conventional sense means that we’re a failure. it’s not polarised like that. it just means we’re not a success on the measure of success that those with money or public acclaim are. but if you’re not rich it doesn’t mean you’re poor, it just means you don’t have so much money that you’re defined as rich.
I definitely do think that success is up to you to define. in everything. was talking to R about this since he’s been on his “get fit like jay cuttler minus the moobs (man boobs) =D” …and he was checking out all different ways of getting fit and healthy and there were a lot of contradictions…
thing is, healthy and fit by conventional science’s definition is different from healthy and fit according to the definition of some zen yogis sitting in tibet. in the conventional sense, you’re healthy and fit if you have big muscles and your glycemic index is at a certain level etc. zen yogis’ sense of success is more a measure of ease and they’d say that the person with massive muscles and extreme body tone is unhealthy.
to me…success is a measure of how immersed you are in reality, your reality.
most importantly though – i think being unsuccessful is a good thing. i like it when i’m not successful. it drives me to become successful. ghetto hood mentality. make it happen no matter what.
hustla yo
great post man, think it’s a really important thing to think about.
alex
Excellent point glen. I think traditional success is even harder now than it used to be and the “winners” are even bigger. You used to compete locally and now you have to compete globally. The “winners” are unbelievably big winners. Bill Gates wouldn’t have had the opportunity he did had he been born a few years earlier.
There are 6 billion people in the world. The chances of you being the “best” at anything are slim to none. There is one thing you can do better than any other person in the world though – be your own unique self. In that market you have a monopoly.
I could never practice a violin countless hours but I know there are people who get intense satisfaction from doing just that and the results it brings.
Being happy and growing is what it is all about for me.
You make some very good points. Success really is hard to define. There is no single definition for it.
I like your examples about someone practicing the violin for endless hours and others running through the fields! They both could be the best of the best depending on the person.
Just 10,000 hours until you’re a master? I guess that’s the easy part, considering you also need to run into the right opportunities once you become a master. It’s kind of a relief to know what it takes, but a little intimidating at the same time.
Hello ,
I do agree with most of you have a field that you have taken in consideration were you want success .Yes do it . Do it for yourself and not for any one .
Secondly I do agree the post Malcolm has proposed in his book about 10000 hrs of hard work . Make sense completely .
For me success is achieved in how good as a human you have been in your life .Even a beggar who roams in his dirty rags, can achieve success in life , if he is a gr8 soul and gr8 human .
Regards
Sudeep
Thank you for your thoughts Sudeep, they seem very genuine.
Thanks for the helpful post, Glen! I love the 10,000 hours idea – it brings us to the awareness that behind every success, comes real hard work in cultivation of our skills first. I haven’t read the book yet, but will add it to my to-read list now.
Thank you for the comment Celes, I definitely recommend reading it